THE CRAZIES 1973
George A. Romero’s The Crazies (1973) is a thought-provoking horror film that blends societal critique with visceral storytelling, showcasing Romero’s penchant for using genre cinema to explore political and cultural anxieties. Romero, known as the “Godfather of Horror,” had already revolutionized the genre – the art of horror filmmaking – with his breakthrough Night of the Living Dead (1968), which established his ability to use horror as a vehicle for social commentary. He introduced a modern brand of deconstructed horror no one had seen before, incorporating a raw intensity through allegory that resonated with audiences. It certainly shook me to my core. I saw it during its theatrical release and could barely watch the screen without squinting through my hand or looking away completely. Zombies eating raw or BBQed intestines still make me want to wretch!
Romero’s background significantly influenced the creation of The Crazies in several ways: the director’s early exposure to film through frequent subway trips to Manhattan to rent and view film reels likely contributed to his innovative approach to filmmaking. His early passion for cinema, particularly his interest in the visually experimental film The Tales of Hoffmann, inspired him to explore the power of visual media and experiment with the medium.
His experience shooting short films and TV commercials after graduating from college in 1960 honed his skills in visual storytelling. Leveraging his background in experimental filmmaking, commercial work, and socially conscious horror influenced Romero to create the visceral and impactful imagery in The Crazies, pushing the boundaries that powerfully critique authority and explore the fragility of social order through the horror genre.
The Crazies, though less commercially successful at its release, has since gained recognition as one of his most ambitious works, reflecting the turbulent social climate of 1970s America. The film is described as his most politically paranoid work, reflecting a deep distrust of government institutions and their potential for harmful overreach.
Romero imbued The Crazies with sharp political commentary as it follows the chaos that ensues when a military biological weapon, code-named “Trixie,” contaminates the water supply of a small Pennsylvania town, driving the residents into homicidal madness or killing the townspeople outright. As martial law is imposed, soldiers and scientists struggle to contain the outbreak, but their efforts only worsen the crisis and the violence and paranoia that breaks loose. Romero examines the interplay between individual humanity and systemic failures. This idea blurs the line between the infected and uninfected, suggesting societal breakdown reveals pre-existing moral decay rather than creating it. One of the film’s central themes is the inherent violence within human nature. Romero portrays the infected townspeople not as monstrous creatures but as ordinary individuals whose latent psychosis is unleashed—a chilling reminder that madness and brutality are intrinsic aspects of humanity.
The story focuses on a group of survivors—including Vietnam veterans David and Clank—who attempt to escape both the infected townspeople and the oppressive military presence. The cast includes Lane Carroll, Will McMillan, Harold Wayne Jones, and cult favorite Lynn Lowry (Cronenberg’s Shivers 1975), whose performances capture the desperation and paranoia of individuals caught in a collapsing society.
Another major theme of The Crazies is the critique of authority and institutional incompetence. The military’s response to the crisis is marked by paranoia, bureaucratic dysfunction, and dehumanization. This anti-establishment stance echoes real-world anxieties of the era, particularly those stemming from events like the Vietnam War, civil unrest, and incidents such as the military using violence against civilians, as in the Kent State shootings.
Romero uses this portrayal to highlight how systems of power and institutions like the military brutal containment prioritize control over compassion or justice, reflecting broader disillusionment with government and military failures during the Vietnam War era. These themes resonate with 1970s audiences grappling with mistrust of authority following events like Kent State and Watergate, but also beyond their historical context, offering a timeless reflection on how fear and authoritarianism can amplify crises rather than resolve them. Soldiers are depicted not as saviors but as oppressive agents whose faceless uniforms and aggressive tactics alienate them from the very civilians they aim to protect.
He also delves into the problems inherent in power structures, presenting the government’s handling of the outbreak as equally monstrous as the infection itself. The “Trixie task force” embodies a cold utilitarianism, treating human lives as expendable in pursuit of abstract national security goals.
By incorporating imagery reminiscent of these historical moments—such as military violence against civilians—the film taps into the collective fear of a society unraveling under its own weight. Thematically, The Crazies explores issues of dehumanization, loss of autonomy, and dissolution. The infected townspeople symbolize not only physical contagion but also psychological and societal collapse.
Despite its modest production scale, The Crazies is ambitious in scope and execution. Romero’s use of multiple characters and locations creates a sense of widespread chaos that mirrors societal fragmentation. The film’s sardonic humor further underscores its critique of human folly in the face of disaster, making it both unsettling and darkly satirical.
Finally, The Crazies explores the fragility of social order. The chaos in Evans City symbolizes how quickly societal norms can collapse under pressure. Romero contrasts moments of fleeting humanity—such as soldiers showing empathy—with scenes of looting, violence, and destruction, emphasizing how crises erode moral boundaries. Through its low-budget aesthetic and grim narrative, The Crazies presents a harrowing critique of human nature and institutional power. In retrospect, The Crazies stands as an underrated gem within Romero’s oeuvre—a film that not only entertains but also challenges viewers to confront uncomfortable truths about power, responsibility, and humanity’s capacity for self-destruction.